References for: Causes, evaluation, and treatment.
Medscape Women’s Health 1998 May;3(3):2 (ISSN: 1521-2076) Bick RL; Madden J; Heller KB; Toofanian A
Thrombosis Clinical Center, Department of Medicine (Hematology & Oncology), Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Tex., USA.
Table 1. Profile of 118 Women Having Recurrent Fetal Loss
Mean Age: 34 years | |||||||
Mean Number of Miscarriages at Diagnosis: 3 | |||||||
Frequency of Defects Noted | |||||||
Antiphospholipid syndrome: | 50 | (62.50%) | |||||
SPS: | 13 | (16.20%) | |||||
Protein S deficiency: | 7 | (8.70%) | |||||
TPA deficiency: | 7 | (8.70%) | |||||
APC resistance: | 2 | (2.50%) | |||||
PAI-1 defect: | 1 | (1.25%) | |||||
|
Table 2. Two-Stage Evaluation of RFL When Blood-Protein and Platelet Defects Are Suspected
Blood-Protein/Platelet Factor (Technique/Assay) |
Stage I |
Perform complete history and physical exam. Send serum for CBC and panel I blood protein and coagulation studies. |
Panel I |
|
Stage II |
Evaluate serum sample for blood protein defects more rarely associated with RFL. |
Panel II |
|
dRVVT= dilute Russel’s viper venom time; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Ig = immunoglobulin.
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